Foundation

Pinyin

拼音

The phonetic system of Mandarin Chinese. Master tones, initials, and finals to pronounce any Chinese word correctly.

mother
High & Level
hemp/numb
Rising
horse
Dipping
to scold
Falling
1
āFirst Tone

High and level — like singing a sustained note

Example: māo (猫) — cat

2
áSecond Tone

Rising — like asking a question in English

Example: máng (忙) — busy

3
ǎThird Tone

Dipping — falls then rises

Example: nǐ (你) — you

4
àFourth Tone

Falling sharply — like giving a command

Example: shì (是) — to be

5
aNeutral Tone

Short and unstressed — light and quick

Example: ma (吗) — question particle

Tone Change Rule (变调)

When two 3rd tone syllables appear together, the first one changes to 2nd tone. Example: 你好 (nǐ hǎo) is pronounced as (ní hǎo) in natural speech.

Practice Tip

Listen to native speakers and repeat aloud. The four tones are the biggest challenge for English speakers — consistent daily practice for 10–15 minutes will build muscle memory faster than longer, infrequent sessions.